OBJECTIVES: To describe the development and validation of an instrument to measure parents' attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment preferences and goals. METHODS: Parents of children 6–12 years diagnosed with ADHD in the past 18 months were recruited from 8 primary…

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between local macroeconomic indicators and physical abuse admission rates to pediatric hospitals over time. METHODS: Retrospective study of children admitted to 38 hospitals in the Pediatric Hospital Information System database. Hospital data…

OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize how a group of urban adolescent females understands the domains of pregnancy, contraception, and emergency contraception (EC). Design: We used the research strategy of freelisting as part of an in-depth interview study. Setting and Participants:…

BACKGROUND: High rates of treating children in foster care with second-generation antipsychotics, both singly and in combination with other psychotropics, have focused public interest on the use of these medications, and motivated some states to implement programs to curtail usage…

DESCRIPTION: After HIV diagnosis, timely entry into HIV medical care and retention in that care are essential to the provision of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Adherence to ART is among the key determinants of successful HIV treatment outcome and is essential to minimize the…

BACKGROUND: For youth living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can lead to poor health outcomes and significantly decreased life expectancy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasability,…

Previous research demonstrated that as many as one-half of all clinical decisions are reached without adequate medical evidence to inform choices. In contrast to other areas of investigation, comparative effectiveness research (CER) directly addresses this problem. Specifically, CER…

BACKGROUND: Chronic school absenteeism and frequent school changes, particularly among younger children, may be antecedents for the high rates of school failure and subsequent dropout among youth in foster care. However, the relationship of foster care experience to absenteeism and…

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of late preterm gestation (34-36 weeks' gestation) with underweight status in infancy. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Thirty-one primary care sites within a hospital-owned network, from January 1, 2007, through June 30, 2009. …

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine predictors of sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing among adolescent females presenting to an urban pediatric emergency department (ED) with symptoms potentially suggestive of an STI. METHODS: This was a secondary…